Linear Algebra
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Covariance Matrices as Geometry: Intuition, Mathematics and Python
Most people meet the covariance matrix as a table. A spreadsheet of variances on the diagonal and covariances off it, produced by np.cov, printed in a notebook, never looked at again. That is a shame, because the covariance matrix is not really a table. It is a shape. It is a description of how a…
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Vectors for Data Scientists: Geometry, Similarity and Projection From First Principles
Introduction Here is a small experiment that surprises almost everyone the first time they see it. Take a query vector q = [1, 0] and two candidate vectors: Cosine similarity says a is a perfect match (cos = 1.0) and b is merely decent (cos ≈ 0.707). Euclidean distance says the opposite: b is the…
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Recent Posts
- Covariance Matrices as Geometry: Intuition, Mathematics and Python
- Vectors for Data Scientists: Geometry, Similarity and Projection From First Principles
- Statistical Tests for Data Science: A Practical Guide to Choosing the Right Test (With Python Examples)
- Git for Data Scientists: Version Control That Actually Works With Your ML Pipeline
- Object-Oriented Programming for Data Science: Building Scalable ML Systems
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